Four roles in the chain of violenceInvestigators have identified a typical four‑stage process, each step involving different actors who may operate from different countries:Instigator – the person who orders and finances the crime. Instigators are often based abroad, removed from the scene of the planned attack.Recruiter – the intermediary who identifies and approaches potential perpetrators, usually via encrypted messaging apps… Read More
From instigator to perpetrator: how violence‑as‑a‑service operates
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